Race, Racial, And Race Relations - 1494 Words

Every individual has a particular definition of race and a distinct view of race relations in America today, because every individual’s reality is different and therefore their perception is different as well. With that in mind, it becomes clear that the best way to understand race relations better is to understand what another person’s thoughts are on the matter. This interview paper sheds light onto another’s understanding and thoughts regarding race relations in America. I can not sate the true identity of the interviewee in this paper, so for all intents and purposes his name will be George. My interview with George was centered on how race has played a part in his life as a black man and where he thought race relations are in our†¦show more content†¦Around the same time, he began to notice other races and his classmates began to notice his race and comment on it. He said how this memory resonates with him because it was the first time he felt out o f place because of something he couldn’t control. George further explained the feeling as knowing on some level that everything was created with someone that was not him in mind, that society was not best fit for him to succeed. A second early childhood experience George remembers well is having a sit down conversation with his family where they told him that some people would discriminate against him and hate him just for the color of his skin. This was a very startling and nerve racking conversation for a young child to have. George feels that race has shaped his upbringing from the very start and these are just a few of the moments where race played a pivotal role in his early life. He believes that there is an innumerable amount of examples like these from his preschool days that are stuck in his subconscious. As George grew older he began to notice racial divides more and more in his everyday life. One incident stands out above the rest for him. It was a spring afternoo n and George was walking to lacrosse practice after stopping by McDonalds to grab a bite to eat. While walking down the road, George was approached by a police officer. This police officer stopped George and told him that there had been break-ins in the

Environmental Economics A Short Evaluation of the...

â€Å"Ecosystem service valuation† is the administration of monetary worth, relative worth, utility or importance to the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. In 2005, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Report (MEA) grouped ecosystem services into four broad categories: (i) â€Å"provisioning services† - production of food and water; (ii) â€Å"regulating services† - control of climate and disease; (iii) â€Å"supporting services† - nutrient cycles and crop pollination; and (iv) â€Å"cultural services† - spiritual and recreational benefits. Examples of these services have been articulated by mass media as the way rainforests and wetlands affect global climate systems, or the devastation of codfish populations by overfishing. As human populations grow, so do the resource demands imposed on ecosystems and the impact of our global footprints. We know for certain that without the services provided by the ecosystem, the Earth would be uninhabi table for humanity. In this paper I will discuss the positives and negatives of the monetary valuation of ecosystem goods and services to demonstrate that without a doubt, assigning such a system to these services will aid in the creation of more sustainable development outcomes. Sustainable development is understood as an organizing principle for human life on a finite planet, which works toward the preservation and endurance of diverse biological systems. Throughout history we have seen interdependence between economic growth and environmentalShow MoreRelated The Cost-Benefit Analysis of Solar Energy Essay3669 Words   |  15 PagesIn recent decades, much debate has ensued about the vast amount of natural resources and ecological services society depletes. Moreover, the debate has evaluated how society depletes these natural resources at a faster rate than the environment can replenish. 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Marketing Consumer Behavior Purchasing Pattern

Question: Describe about the Marketing Consumer Behavior for Purchasing Pattern. Answer: Introduction Consumer behavior is the analysis of the people or the organization regarding their purchasing pattern. The idea for purchase is directly related with the sociology and psychological satisfaction with the consumer. It focuses on understanding decision-making behavior of a consumer under variable circumstances. It gives a special preference to the characteristics of an individual while making buying decisions (Close, 2012). The individual buying pattern is judged on different parameters. There are various attributes which are necessary to be considered while taking any buying decision. Every commodity has a different utility level. Consumer behavior studies the individual inclination towards various needs (Kardes, Cronley Cline, 2014) The recent time has witnessed a rise in the online buying pattern. Customers are more likely focused on buying the goods online. The report is based on the study of the online behavior pattern of Mr. Liam. Further it reflects the individual buying pattern and help in judging his purchasing pattern. 1. Research Tools Research methodology tools are used to make an inference regarding the needs which are attached with the buying pattern of G.I Joe which is majorly done through the online purchases. The various research tools to study the market behavior is the Theory of Reasoned Action, Engel, Kollet, Blackwell (EKB) Model, Motivation-Need Theory, and Hawkins Stern Impulse Buying model. These tools help in deciding the individual buying pattern while considering the variable factors. The various tools are used to judge the buying patterns which are seen in the consumers (Four Consumer Behavior Theories Every Marketer Should Know, 2016). G.I Joe is a toy company owned by Hasbro which is famous among kids for offering the action figure. It represents American value of bravery, valor and ethical standards. The toys and the movie series is famous not among the children but also among the adults. Needs The toy purchasing behavior is highly influenced by the kids. The changing behavior outline depends upon various consumer patterns like economic, social, cultural differences. The different behavior of the consumer depends upon the economy of the country. The various attributes affects the changing consumer behavior at the present scenario. It depends upon the product and the utility attached with it. Every product has a different level of satisfaction. Some products are essential for the basic necessity. The product like and dislike is attached with the individual behavior towards the product. Variants of consumption activities Cultural factor Culture plays an essential role while deciding the behavior of an individual. A person is influenced by the end number of factors throughout his life. There is a constant interaction with the society which affects the individual needs and desire for a product. For any brand it is necessary to take into record the various cultural factors which may influence the desire for buying the brand. Here the customer Liam has a hobby to collect vintage toys which are affected by the cultural needs and desires which are attached to the product. As a child he was fascinated by the comic characters which added to his desire for collecting the toys (Kotler, 2010). Social needs Social group are large number of people whose behavior is attached with each other. It is in the form of social hierarchy. There is a similar pattern of buying seen in the large groups which affects their buying patterns. Beyond a common thread there are varieties of people who do not buy things which there counter-part is doing. In the case of Liam, the toys are not a part of the social need but the childhood influence pattern has affected the pattern for purchase. He has a desire to buy toys which is due to the outside needs. His need for collecting the toys is affected by the number of factors like mental satisfaction rather than social needs. Every individual buying patterns are different and depends largely on the individual choice (Turban et al, 2015) Personal factors There is a need of a product due to individual desire. Every consumer exhibits a different buying pattern. Two people at a different age show a different buying style. Factors like individual lifestyle, hobbies, and habits affect the consumer behavior. Personal individual needs do affect the buying trends in an individual. In case of Liam he has a desire for the product which added variance in his behavior. His hobby has made him buy the toys for collecting vintage toys (Dlabay Scott, 2010). Psychological needs Maslow hierarchy needs give special importance to the psychological needs. A major part of buying nature depends upon the buying nature of an individual. A person only buys the good if it gives him a mental satisfaction. Liam behavioral pattern are highly influenced by the mental satisfaction. His online buying pattern is influenced by the desire to collect the toys. The buying patterns of the customer are influenced due to desire for the toys (Torelli, 2013). The individual buying patterns are affected by the different behavioral patterns. The individual buying pattern of Liam reflects his online buying patterns of a consumer which vary from individual to individual. Liam has a hobby for online purchase which is shown. 2. Fishbein model The Fishbein model is a model that helps to study the behavior of the consumer. This model is also known as the theory of planned behavior or the theory of reasoned action. Fishbein model helps to explain the attractiveness and choice of the product and service by the consumer. In this model, the entire attribute related to the object is considered. This model also assist to understand the decision making process used by the consumers. It is one of the effective models to study the consumers behavior and suggest many ways to influence the same (Williams, 2014). Description of variable of Fishbein Ajzen model: There are three basic variables in Fishbein model: The attitude of customer towards a particular product or service (Ao) The beliefs that the prescribed product or service has certain attributes. These attributes are the result of prior knowledge, advertisement, etc. (Bi). The subjective evaluation of all the attributes used in the study and the entire positive outcome are also considered. The benefit that has been acquired due to this product is also considered (Ei). The formula of calculation of Fishbein model of consumer behavior is: Ao=i=1nBiEi The attitude of the consumer helps to know about the particular behavior of them for nay product or service, people, company, brand, or to other things. Such behavioral intentions help to proceed to actions (Shoham Gavish, 2016). 3. Field trip (online shopping) Market research tools Now days, market research tools has become very relevant in for the success of brands and products. It initiates from planning for customers service needs to the final production. As we know, that the situations of the market is not constant. G.I. Joe, first have to study the needs of their customers and then they have to planning in accordance with the needs and demands of the customers. Market research is the best way to know what the customers want. The managers of GI Joe were asked about the tools of market research. Heres the tool suggested by them(See the appendix) Ask to your target market It is way in which the surveys are created by the company and sent out to millions of customers through email. In this present study, the researchers asked only one customer Liam, who loves to buy toys of GI Joe. This technique helps to save time and money as it is the most effective and efficient technique used by the companies (Outreville Desrochers, 2016). One-on-one conversations- One-on-one conversations take place when two parties talk to each other directly using, phone calls, video conferencing or face to face conversation. It is the most effective way to collect data as it helps to understand the potential of the customers. It also help o dig in to the mind of him. Customer case study Customer case study refers to the study of pattern of purchasing the product by the customers. It gives you in-depth knowledge about the customers and his/her purchasing habits. Under this study, the marketer research on the Liams purchasing pattern. Social media Social media is one of the strongest tools used by many companies as well as GI Joe for the market research of its products. In this approach, direct messages and information is sending to the influencers. Advertisements are posted on very social networking site that showcase the products. Afterwards, an analysis is done on the results from the research (Mandel, Rucker, Levav, Galinsky, 2016). Online Consumer Pattern In todays fast moving world, there is a shortage of time in everyones life. There are various factors due to which Liam prefers to buy products online. It is very important to understand the psyche of the online buying customers. Companies have to understand what the customers actually want. They have to plug into the thinking of customers and find ways to attract the customers. It can be done through competitive smartness, pricing of precuts, customer service, etc. Online shopping gives them a freedom to shop in pajamas. They can also buys products in better prices and of better quality (Murphy Dweck, 2016). Reasons due to which Liam purchased GI Joe toys online are Convenience It is convenient for Liam to purchase online as he is a 26 year old man who has lots of responsibilities on him. Online purchasing helps him to save his time. Better prices As we know that there are many types of discounts and other benefits are available in online purchasing. Due to this reason, many customers prefer to do online shopping (Reny, 2015). Variety Online purchasing allows Liam to first observe all the variety of toys available in GI Joe and then make a purchase accordingly. Online purchase has the caliber to showcase variety of products. Fewer expenses As we know that online purchase does not charge much. We just have to pay only for home deliver or shipping. Even the price for home delivery and shipping is very reasonable that anyone can afford (Dahl, 2013). Comparison in prices of other products In online purchase, you can compare the quality, price, quantity, discounts and other benefits. It gives you privilege to purchase the best bit out of all. Avoidable crowds Many people do not like to face the uneven crowd of market place. In this situation, online purchase is one of the best ways to get rid of such situations. Compulsive shopping In online shopping, the buyer only buys the relevant products. 4. A summary from tutorial 5 6 Consumer behavior is a vital term for every company as the growth and success of any company depends on its customers. GI Joe is a toy making company which manufactures toys and sold them through retail stores and online also (Paul Rana, 2012). From the above study, we learnt many things about the behavior of customers. This study tells that how one customer is affected by the attributes of consumer behavior. There are various attributes that includes the behavior of the consumer like cultural, social, psychological and personal. These all attributes affect the decision making of the consumer. Liam is one customer of GI Joe products who are very much influenced by these factors. He has some connections with the toys produced by GI Joe. We also learnt about the various models that help to study the behavior of customer. We deeply studied, Fishbein model that assist us the ways to calculate the pattern of customers purchasing (Briesch Rajagopal, 2010). In this study, we study that how online purchasing helped Liam to buy toys from GI Joe. Many factors are discussed about the online shopping like price, delivery, convenience, variety, quality, etc. (Pham, 2013). These all elements help to generate ideas and information about the customer behavior. GI Joe should understand the behavior of their customers. This survey will help them to understand I noticed that the decision making process and buying behavior is a subjective view. In my view, Liam is not a typical customer. Instead o this, he is very creative and unconventional who have very fascinating imaginations. He is not an ordinary buyer. In this way, we can understand that different customers have different views (Pham, 2013). The company has many competitors too like Funskool that is a very famous brand. But somehow GI Joe has competitive advantage as they have unique products and the customers are also personally attached to the products of GI Joe. This company can provide satisfaction to their customers. For example Liam, who is a very reliable customer of GI Joe? The brand not only makes toys but also portrayed thrill and action into the lives of their customers. The concept of brand used under this company is armed and forces that shows the power of the brand and toys. Every customer of this company can relate sweet memories through its products (Griskevicius Kenrick, 2013). Recommendation Recent change in the economy has seen a change in the buying pattern of the customers. A rise in the living standard has allowed people to spend money on the goods apart from the necessity goods. Large part of New Zealand buying behavior is done through online purchases. Online trends shows customers inclination towards buying the goods from the online shop which they find is convenient and easy. A large section of the economy is dependent upon the online shops. The world is seeing a transition, the general consumer behavior patterns. While buying a toy online it is generally seen that the customer decisions are influenced by the price. While studying the individual consumer pattern it can be seen that even at 26 he has a hobby to collect toys which reflects that consumer buying patterns depends upon his satisfaction level. Increase in an online buying pattern has affected the consumer decisions. There are end numbers of websites where the similar goods are available at a different price. In this case the customer has made the maximum number of purchase through the online website. The time taken for delivery of goods is more than the general shopping. The G.I Joe toys are imported from the USA which may affect the consumer intentions. While online shopping there are issues related to buying authentic goods and at the same time it is generally seen the goods which are sold are sometimes not delivered in time. Most necessarily the consumer individual wants the good to be delivered in a fine condition for which they have paid. The goods which are sold online reach customer in an ordinary pattern. The seller must focus on creating a fascinating packing which attracts the customers. They should strive hard on the online packaging as most of the customers are kids. Retention of customers is necessary to achieve the goals. G.I Joe is a renowned toy brand which is selling their toys and video-games through online sale. Consumer behavior varies from individual to individual. The study of the behavior of Liam shows that the individual tastes and preferences vary depending upon the satisfaction the product is giving to its buyers. By studying the behavior pattern of Liam it is concluded that the individual buyer have different. Price and time are the two different aspects which affects the individual consumers pattern. The major consumer behavior of him is his childhood memories. The buying pattern of individuals depends upon their needs. Every individual shows variety of trends while making a purchase (Consumer behavior in heavily influenced by large social networks that allow consumers to have crowd clout, 2016). The market behavior is subject to flux. It is largely seen that every customer has different preferences while comparing it with other factors. Liam behavior exhibits a psychological need. Maslow hierarchy model focuses on the satisfaction of the need which is necessary for an individual to succeed. Study of Liams individual behavior focuses on the study of individual level of satisfaction which differentiates from person to person under different circumstances (Yojoe.com. 2016). Instruction for the company Though the company has a good position in the toys industry but still there are many improvements that need to be done to achieve a remarkable position. There are various ways by which the GI Joe can attain the position of one of the best company in the toys industry. There are many competitors I the market from which this company have to fight every day. The company can attain a competitive advantage through analyzing the consumer behavior. This will help them to understand the needs and wants of the consumer and manufacture the products in accordance with the same. The toys industry also has to face the fear of substitutes as there are many elements by which one can entertain itself. This fear of elimination can be cover u through expansion of business into other Ares like online app of games, game zones in malls, advertisement, promotions, free vouchers, etc. in this way GI Joe will become what they dreamt for. Conclusion The report shows the online buying pattern of Mr. Liam. He has a hobby to collect the vintage G.I Joe toys. It basically shows the buying pattern of an individual under different circumstance. A consumer behavior is influence by variety of factors which vary from person to person. The study of consumer behavior through Fishbein model has helped in understanding the buying pattern of Liam which is necessary to be taken care while making any significant inferences. The report has discussed major attributes which played an essential role while deciding the buying pattern. The various consumer behavior patterns are essential to study the general consumer behavior. The study further discusses the recommendation made to the seller for increasing the online buying patterns. Globalization has changed the buying patterns of the consumers .The Customers living at different part of the world shows different shopping behavior which is accompanied with different pattern like social, economic, and cultural differences. References Briesch, R. Rajagopal, P. (2010). Neural network applications in consumer behavior. Journal Of Consumer Psychology, 20(3), 381-389. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2010.06.001 Close, A.2012. Online Consumer Behavior: Theory and Research in Social Media, Advertising, and E-tail Advances in Consumer Psychology Series. Routledge Consumer behavior in heavily influenced by large social networks that allow consumers to have crowd clout.2016. Online. Retrieved from: https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-cm/consumer-behavior-in-heavily-influenced-by-large-social-networks-that-allow-consumers-to-have-crowd-clout-116090801228_1.html Accessed on: 1 October 2016. Dahl, D. (2013). Social Influence and Consumer Behavior. Journal Of Consumer Research, 40(2), iii-v. https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/670170 Dlabay,L. Scott,J.2010. International Business. Cengage Learning Four Consumer Behavior Theories Every Marketer Should Know 2016.Online. Retrieved from https://onlinemasters.ohio.edu/four-consumer-behavior-theories-every-marketer-should-know/ Accessed on: 1 October 2016. Griskevicius, V. Kenrick, D. (2013). Fundamental motives: How evolutionary needs influence consumer behavior. Journal Of Consumer Psychology, 23(3), 372-386. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2013.03.003 Kardes, F., Cronley, M. Cline, T.2014. Consumer Behavior. Cengage Learning Kotler, P.2010. Principles of Marketing. Pearson Education Mandel, N., Rucker, D., Levav, J., Galinsky, A. (2016). The Compensatory Consumer Behavior Model: How self-discrepancies drive consumer behavior. Journal Of Consumer Psychology. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2016.05.003 Murphy, M. Dweck, C. (2016). Mindsets shape consumer behavior. Journal Of Consumer Psychology, 26(1), 127-136. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2015.06.005 Outreville, J. Desrochers, J. (2016). Perceived risk: an experimental investigation of consumer behavior when buying wine. Journal Of Consumer Behaviour. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cb.1593 Paul, J. Rana, J. (2012). Consumer behavior and purchase intention for organic food. Journal Of Consumer Marketing, 29(6), 412-422. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363761211259223 Pham, M. (2013). Introduction to research dialogue on evolutionary psychology and consumer behavior. Journal Of Consumer Psychology, 23(3), 349-350. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2013.04.002 Reny, P. (2015). A Characterization of Rationalizable Consumer Behavior. Econometrica, 83(1), 175-192. https://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta12345 Shoham, A. Gavish, Y. (2016). Antecedents and Buying Behavior Consequences of Consumer Racism, National Identification, Consumer Animosity, and Consumer Ethnocentrism. Journal Of International Consumer Marketing, 28(5), 296-308. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2016.1214661 Torelli,C.2013. Globalization, Culture, and Branding: How to Leverage Cultural Equity for Building Iconic Brands in the Era of Globalization. Springer Turban, E. et al .2015. Electronic Commerce: A Managerial and Social Networks Perspective. Springer Williams, P. (2014). Emotions and Consumer Behavior. Journal Of Consumer Research, 40(5), viii-xi. https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/674429 Yojoe.com. (2016). G.I. Joe Action Figure Database - YoJoe.com. Online. Retrieved from: https://www.yojoe.com/ Accessed on : 1 October 2016.

Legalization of Abortion free essay sample

Lerato MthimkhuluEnglish Argumentative22 February 2008 Grade 12 O EssayMrs. Turner Abortion should not be legal In South Africa Abortions date back to as far as the 1840’s and is still one of the most often performed procedures in South Africa. There have been many cases of women dying after having a â€Å"backstreet† abortion (an abortion that happens in an unsafe environment and procedure is performed by an inexperienced doctor). Even if abortion was illegal there are still going to be â€Å"backstreet† abortions and many women would still be in danger. An abortion is the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus, which causes it to die. There are the pros and cons regarding the legalization of abortions. The good side to having an abortion is that if a woman is raped and does not want any reminder of the incident then abortions should be legal. Rape can cause serious damage to the self confidence of a woman and is something she would want to forget, and having a baby from someone that raped you is not something a woman would not want to be reminded of. We will write a custom essay sample on Legalization of Abortion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The child will also grow up knowing that they were a mistake and that is not a life any child should have to live. So in that case abortions should be legal. The bad side to abortions is that many uneducated women are using abortion as a contraceptive. Every time the woman gets pregnant she goes and has an abortion. Instead of having protected sex or not having sex at all, they have abortions so they don’t have babies. This is very wrong because they are abusing abortions. If the women can’t afford the correct contraceptives prescribed by the doctors they should not be getting pregnant because they know they don’t want the child or they can’t afford it. So in this case abortion should not be legal. The other bad side of abortions is that there are â€Å"backstreet† abortions where an inexperienced person performs the abortion. These abortions usually take place in unhygienic areas and the tools that are used are not sterilized before use. â€Å"Backstreet† abortions can cause serious health problems to the women who undergo them. These problems include infections, hemorrhages and damage to internal organs. WHO (The World Health Organization) estimates that 19 million unsafe abortions occur around the world annually and that 68 000 of these result in the woman’s death. It has been discovered that abortion is linked with higher rates of psychiatric treatment, anxiety; depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and worsening of general health like suicidal thoughts and completed suicides. These things are very alarming to know and if these things can happen then abortion should be illegal for the safety of the women in this world. The issue about weather abortions should be legal or not is very debatable. In my opinion I think that even if abortion is illegal you will still have many people performing illegal abortions. Its like with drugs, most drugs are illegal but people are still using them and selling them. So the government can make abortions illegal but it won’t stop people from still performing â€Å"backstreet† abortions and the women dying or causing them to suffer from many psychiatric disorders. Word Count: 546 words